Peter Witting of Yarralumla, Canberra, 10 years old in 1938, remembered leading his nine-year-old sister to school, past destroyed shops owned by Jewish families, the ground underfoot thick with broken glass.

Kristallnacht 1938.

Ruth Landau, nine years old, like Peter’s sister, was taken by her father to see the desolation. “I want you to remember this,” her father said, himself on the run to evade capture and being sent to a concentration camp.