The 37 and 38 evoke 16D 22A/26, once 19 26, the 19 being 6 at the 41 5, 41 26 and 41 13. 

        Across

   1    Language school opened by Republican state (8)

11    Repeatedly check bones in historical operation (10)

14    Sweet red Dutch headwear (8)

16    US city king boxes to unwind (5)

17    Blotto man does spirits (7)

18    Animal in vehicle, one about to get skinned (7)

23    Hangs from small steep rocks (6)

24    American English crudely translated☺? (6)

31    Linked quartet of women in Italy chasing opera conductor (9)

33    Portent consuming regularly at-risk crew (7)

34    Bug base following plot (7)

36    Maxim gun...